National Regulatory Organs — Status, Powers and Appeals

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What is a national regulatory organ and who elects its members?

It is a public-law legal entity of special legal capacity, created to regulate a sphere defined by the state. It has no state supervisory organ and is independent of state organs. Its members are elected by the Parliament of Georgia; the President presents the candidates to Parliament upon the submission of the Government.

Can anyone interfere in the regulator's activity?

No. The organ and its commission members obey only the legislation of Georgia. Interference, control over the activity and demands for reporting are inadmissible unless directly provided for by the relevant law; reports are submitted only to the President, the Government and the Parliament. Dual, overlapping regulatory authority is also impermissible.

How is the regulator financed?

Its expenses are covered by the regulation fee and other income provided for by Georgian legislation. Everyone who carries out, or intends to carry out, activity in the organ's sphere of authority must pay the fee. It is credited to a separate bank account, and the unused balance passes to the following year.

How is a consumer complaint examined?

Applications and complaints are received every working day and, as a rule, are examined at a public hearing. Interested parties must be invited at least 7 days before the hearing, whose main purpose is reconciliation of the parties. The resulting decision is binding on the parties and may be appealed.

Where can the regulator's decision be appealed?

According to its adjudicative nature, a decision may be appealed before the Constitutional Court of Georgia and the common courts of Georgia. As a general rule, only the court has the right to review the organ's decisions.

9 min·28 Aug 2026

Purpose and scope of the law

The Georgian law on national regulatory organs creates a single legal framework for the status, powers and accountability of every national regulatory organ operating in the country. Its declared purpose is to build a firm legal foundation and a complete institutional environment for the stable functioning of these organs, so that the interests of licence holders and consumers are balanced across the various spheres of the economy and services and goods are priced and delivered efficiently. In practical terms, the statute is the regulator's rules of engagement: it defines what every regulated business may demand from its regulator — independence, publicity and accountability — and how the regulator's decisions can be challenged before the courts.

The law applies to every organ that is a national regulatory organ under this law and other legislative and sub-legislative normative acts of Georgia. The law defines such an organ as a public-law legal entity of special legal capacity, created to regulate a sphere defined by the state, which has no state supervisory organ, is independent of state organs and acts within the limits of the authority established by law. The statute also supplies working definitions that matter in practice. Improper influence and unlawful interference means an action by a person — pressure, interference, obstruction or other impact upon the results of deliberations inside the organ, upon its decision-making, upon free and independent reasoning, or upon the work of the organ's staff — carried out in a way that does not comply with the legislation, with the aim of obtaining a benefit or special treatment. A member of the commission is a person appointed to the organ by the procedure established by law and by the organ's relevant law, on the basis of an appropriate act. The relevant law, in turn, is the law of Georgia defining the basic functions and powers of the given organ.