The Consumer as Defendant — the Protective Framework
When a trader brings a debt-collection claim against a consumer, the Law on Consumer Protection provides special instruments of defence. The core of these instruments is the voidness of unfair standard terms: an unfair standard term is void, notwithstanding its presence in the contract, where it contradicts the principles of trust and good faith and causes an unjustified imbalance of the rights and obligations provided by the contract to the consumer's detriment, including through its ambiguity. In the assessment, the subject matter of the contract, the circumstances existing at its conclusion and the other terms are taken into account — but not the essence of the main subject matter or the adequacy of the price.