It must be said clearly at the outset: the European Union's Green Deal is not directly transposed into Georgian legislation. This page describes what actually exists: the climate protection regime of the environmental protection law with the authorization of greenhouse gas emissions, the institute of strategic environmental assessment, and the framework of international treaties — precisely this last being the channel through which Georgia assumes international climate obligations.
The Legal Space: What Exists and What Does Not
The Green Deal is the internal policy programme of the European Union and has not been transferred into Georgian legislation as a separate act. The climate core of national legislation lies in the environmental protection law: its climate protection chapter establishes the norms of greenhouse gas emissions and reduction measures. Accordingly, the question of "Green Deal compliance" resolves in practice into how an activity satisfies the national climate requirements and how the system of international treaties works.
Georgia concludes, ratifies, denounces, or accedes to international treaties and agreements in the field of environmental protection in the manner established by legislation. An international treaty or agreement, if it does not contravene the Constitution of Georgia, has superior legal force with respect to domestic normative acts — this means that climate obligations that have entered through treaties stand above national norms.
The National Climate Protection Regime
For the purpose of protecting the earth's climate from global changes, the subject of activity is obliged to observe the norms of emission of gases causing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere and to carry out measures for their reduction; the emission is regulated on the basis of the integrated pollution control system of the environment.
For activities defined by a government decree, an authorization of greenhouse gas emissions is mandatory — an individual administrative-legal act issued for an indefinite term. The authorization is issued, apart from aviation activities, by the National Environment Agency, and for aviation activities by the Civil Aviation Agency.
The application for authorization contains a description of installations and activities, information on raw and auxiliary materials, data on emission sources, a draft monitoring and reporting plan, and a non-technical summary. The authorization includes a monitoring plan and reporting obligations; the holder submits annually, no later than 31 March of the relevant year, a verified report.
The authorization may be declared lost in force if the activity has not started within 5 years of receipt or was suspended for 2 calendar years without substantiated repair or renovation works. This is the real, applicable mechanism of climate compliance — at the level at which it concerns a concrete emitter.