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Maritime Law

How can foreign investors enter the Georgian port sector?

Foreign investors can enter via concession agreements, joint ventures, or direct investment agreements with the government. Major projects like terminal construction require negotiating terms with the Ministry of Economy. We handle the due diligence and contract negotiations to secure favorable investment conditions.

What are the benefits of Free Industrial Zones (FIZ) near ports?

Companies registered in a FIZ enjoy 0% corporate tax, 0% property tax, and VAT exemptions on international transactions. This is highly beneficial for manufacturing and logistics hubs. We assist with company incorporation and obtaining the necessary FIZ licenses.

Do I need a special license to operate a port terminal?

Yes, operating a terminal involves obtaining permits for maritime operations, environmental impact assessments, and compliance with the ISPS (security) Code. We guide operators through the licensing process with the Maritime Transport Agency and environmental authorities.

How are port tariffs regulated in Georgia?

While some port dues are state-regulated, commercial tariffs are often set by operators. Disputes arise if a dominant port imposes unfair pricing. We represent clients in negotiations and before the Competition Agency to challenge anti-competitive tariff structures.

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Note: This service (1119) is also "Maritime Law". To create unique content, we will focus here on Port Infrastructure and Investments, which is the administrative and investment part of maritime law.

Port law and infrastructure projects are a strategic direction of the maritime sector. Georgia is modernizing ports and building new terminals (e.g., Anaklia Port project, expansion of Poti and Batumi ports). This field regulates port operations, use of state property (concession, lease), tariff setting, and safety standards. Legal services here include drafting investment agreements with the state, zoning port areas, and obtaining environmental and construction permits. The Free Industrial Zone (FIZ) regime, often integrated with ports, is also important.

What Does Port Legal Service Cover?

Our lawyers offer expert services for port businesses and investors:

  • Investment Agreements: Negotiating investment agreements and concession terms with the Government of Georgia.
  • Port Operation Licenses: Obtaining terminal operator status and permits for handling general cargo, oil products, or containers.
  • Free Industrial Zone (FIZ): Registering a company in a FIZ and ensuring legal compliance for tax benefits.
  • Land and Hydrotechnical Structures: Lease or privatization agreements for berths, piers, and warehouses.
  • Security and ISPS Code: Compliance of port security plans with international standards.
  • Tariff Regulations: Legal basis for setting port dues and tariffs and disputes with the regulator.

Common Scenarios and Needs

Investors often face bureaucratic hurdles when obtaining building permits within the port area, as this zone is subject to special regulation. Terminal operators have disputes with the Customs Service regarding cargo storage regimes. Competition law issues are also relevant when a port abuses its dominant position and imposes unequal conditions on carriers.

Georgian Legislation and Regulations

Port activities are regulated by the "Maritime Code of Georgia" and the "Law on Maritime Space". The Free Zone regime is outlined in the "Law on Free Industrial Zones". State supervision of ports is carried out by the Maritime Transport Agency. Construction is regulated by special building norms for hydrotechnical structures.

The Process: How a Specialist Works

The lawyer conducts Due Diligence on port assets. In case of a concession, they prepare tender documentation and participate in negotiations with the Ministry of Economy. When registering in a FIZ, the lawyer prepares all corporate documents and the license application. In disputes, the lawyer represents the client before administrative bodies or in court.

Why Legal.ge?

Port business requires large capital investment and is long-term. Legal errors here mean millions in losses. Legal.ge gives you access to lawyers experienced in port infrastructure projects and dealing with state structures. Specialists on our platform will help you protect your investment and manage your business effectively. Develop your port business with Legal.ge.

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