Satellite communications is a rapidly growing sector of modern telecommunications, especially with the entry of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) internet providers like Starlink. In Georgia, this field is subject to strict regulation as it relates to international space law, national security, and frequency resources. Legal services for satellite services include licensing for satellite internet, TV broadcasting, and VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) systems, obtaining permits for equipment import, and ensuring the legal provision of services. This service is essential for global satellite operators, local distributors, and businesses requiring autonomous connectivity in remote regions.
What Does Satellite Communications Service Cover?
Legal support covers all aspects of interaction with the regulator and customs service:
- Authorization and Licensing: Obtaining rights to provide satellite services from the Communications Commission. This applies to both internet providers and satellite broadcasters.
- Frequency Permits (Earth Stations): Acquiring frequency permits necessary for the operation of ground stations and terminals (Uplink/Downlink) and confirming electromagnetic compatibility.
- VSAT Network Regulation: Legal assurance for setting up corporate VSAT networks (e.g., for banks, hotels in mountainous zones).
- Equipment Import and Certification: Obtaining permits for importing specific satellite equipment (dishes, modems, phones) and preparing compliance declarations.
- International Coordination: Securing "landing rights" for the legal distribution of foreign satellite signals within the territory of Georgia.
Common Situations and Scenarios
Regulation of satellite connectivity is relevant in the following cases:
- Launching Starlink-type Services: A global operator enters the Georgian market and needs full authorization as an electronic communications provider, as well as tax registration.
- Hotel in the Highlands: A hotel in Kazbegi or Svaneti lacks optical internet access and wants to install a VSAT system for guests. It needs to be determined if a license is required.
- Maritime Communication: Registration and licensing of satellite terminals for a ship sailing under the Georgian flag to ensure connectivity on the open sea.
- Importing Satellite Phones: A tourism company plans expeditions and wants to import Iridium or Thuraya phones. They need a permit because these devices operate on specific frequencies.
- TV Channel Broadcasting: A Georgian TV channel wants to uplink its signal to a satellite to broadcast in Europe. An agreement with a satellite operator and an appropriate license are required.
Georgian Legislation and Regulations
The field is regulated by national and international norms:
- Law of Georgia on Electronic Communications: The main law regulating all types of communication, including satellite.
- National Table of Frequency Allocations: Defines bands allocated for satellite services (Fixed-Satellite Service, Mobile-Satellite Service) such as Ku, Ka, and C bands.
- ITU Radio Regulations: Rules of the International Telecommunication Union, which Georgia adheres to regarding orbital positions and frequency coordination.
- Government Decree on Import of Radio-Electronic Devices: Regulates the rules for bringing satellite terminals across the border.
Step-by-Step Service Process
Working on satellite projects involves:
- Consultation and Scheme Selection: Analyzing the business model — does the company need authorization, or is it merely a user.
- Documentation Preparation: Preparing technical passports, network topology, and service descriptions for the Commission.
- Authorization/Permit: Submitting an application to the Communications Commission and obtaining the permit.
- Customs Procedures: Clearing equipment through customs based on the permit.
- Operational Support: Regular reporting to the regulator and managing license fees.
Why Choose a Specialist on Legal.ge?
Satellite communications is a high-tech field where a mistake can lead to the confiscation of expensive equipment or a ban on operations. Specialists on Legal.ge have experience working with both global operators (Starlink, Eutelsat) and the local regulator. We will help you navigate the complex licensing maze and legally utilize modern space technologies.
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